VipsForeign

VipsForeign — load and save images in a variety of formats

Stability Level

Stable, unless otherwise indicated

Functions

void * vips_foreign_map ()
const char * vips_foreign_find_load ()
const char * vips_foreign_find_load_buffer ()
const char * vips_foreign_find_load_source ()
VipsForeignFlags vips_foreign_flags ()
gboolean vips_foreign_is_a ()
gboolean vips_foreign_is_a_buffer ()
gboolean vips_foreign_is_a_source ()
void vips_foreign_load_invalidate ()
const char * vips_foreign_find_save ()
gchar ** vips_foreign_get_suffixes ()
const char * vips_foreign_find_save_buffer ()
const char * vips_foreign_find_save_target ()
int vips_vipsload ()
int vips_vipssave ()
int vips_openslideload ()
int vips_jpegload ()
int vips_jpegload_buffer ()
int vips_jpegsave_target ()
int vips_jpegsave ()
int vips_jpegsave_buffer ()
int vips_jpegsave_mime ()
int vips_webpload_source ()
int vips_webpload ()
int vips_webpload_buffer ()
int vips_webpsave_target ()
int vips_webpsave ()
int vips_webpsave_buffer ()
int vips_webpsave_mime ()
int vips_tiffload ()
int vips_tiffload_buffer ()
int vips_tiffload_source ()
int vips_tiffsave ()
int vips_tiffsave_buffer ()
int vips_openexrload ()
int vips_fitsload ()
int vips_fitssave ()
int vips_analyzeload ()
int vips_rawload ()
int vips_rawsave ()
int vips_rawsave_fd ()
int vips_csvload ()
int vips_csvsave ()
int vips_matrixload ()
int vips_matrixsave ()
int vips_matrixprint ()
int vips_magickload ()
int vips_magickload_buffer ()
int vips_magicksave ()
int vips_magicksave_buffer ()
int vips_pngload_source ()
int vips_pngload ()
int vips_pngload_buffer ()
int vips_pngsave_target ()
int vips_pngsave ()
int vips_pngsave_buffer ()
int vips_ppmload ()
int vips_ppmsave ()
int vips_matload ()
int vips_radload_source ()
int vips_radload ()
int vips_radload_buffer ()
int vips_radsave ()
int vips_radsave_buffer ()
int vips_radsave_target ()
int vips_pdfload ()
int vips_pdfload_buffer ()
int vips_svgload ()
int vips_svgload_buffer ()
int vips_gifload ()
int vips_gifload_buffer ()
int vips_heifload ()
int vips_heifload_buffer ()
int vips_heifsave ()
int vips_heifsave_buffer ()
int vips_niftiload ()
int vips_niftisave ()
int vips_dzsave ()

Properties

VipsAccess access Read / Write
gboolean disc Read / Write
gboolean fail Read / Write
VipsForeignFlags flags Read / Write
gboolean memory Read / Write
VipsImage * out Read / Write
gboolean sequential Read / Write
VipsArrayDouble * background Read / Write
VipsImage * in Read / Write
gint page-height Read / Write
gboolean strip Read / Write

Object Hierarchy

    GObject
    ╰── VipsObject
        ╰── VipsOperation
            ╰── VipsForeign
                ├── VipsForeignLoad
                ╰── VipsForeignSave

Includes

#include <vips/vips.h>

Description

This set of operations load and save images in a variety of formats.

The operations share a base class that offers a simple way to search for a subclass of VipsForeign which can load a certain file (see vips_foreign_find_load()) or buffer (see vips_foreign_find_load_buffer()), or which could be used to save an image to a certain file type (see vips_foreign_find_save() and vips_foreign_find_save_buffer()). You can then run these operations using vips_call() and friends to perform the load or save.

vips_image_write_to_file() and vips_image_new_from_file() and friends use these functions to automate file load and save.

You can also invoke the operations directly, for example:

1
2
3
vips_tiffsave (my_image, "frank.anything", 
    "compression", VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_JPEG,
    NULL);

To add support for a new file format to vips, simply define a new subclass of VipsForeignLoad or VipsForeignSave.

If you define a new operation which is a subclass of VipsForeign, support for it automatically appears in all VIPS user-interfaces. It will also be transparently supported by vips_image_new_from_file() and friends.

VIPS comes with VipsForeign for TIFF, JPEG, PNG, Analyze, PPM, OpenEXR, CSV, Matlab, Radiance, RAW, FITS, WebP, SVG, PDF, GIF and VIPS. It also includes import filters which can load with libMagick and with OpenSlide.

Writing a new loader

Add a new loader to VIPS by subclassing VipsForeignLoad. Subclasses need to implement at least header() .

header() must set at least the header fields of out . load() , if defined, must load the pixels to real .

The suffix list is used to select a format to save a file in, and to pick a loader if you don't define is_a().

You should also define nickname and description in VipsObject.

As a complete example, here's code for a PNG loader, minus the actual calls to libpng.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
typedef struct _VipsForeignLoadPng {
  VipsForeignLoad parent_object;

  char *filename; 
} VipsForeignLoadPng;

typedef VipsForeignLoadClass VipsForeignLoadPngClass;

G_DEFINE_TYPE( VipsForeignLoadPng, vips_foreign_load_png, 
  VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_LOAD );

static VipsForeignFlags
vips_foreign_load_png_get_flags_filename( const char *filename )
{
  VipsForeignFlags flags;

  flags = 0;
  if( vips__png_isinterlaced( filename ) )
  	flags = VIPS_FOREIGN_PARTIAL;
  else
  	flags = VIPS_FOREIGN_SEQUENTIAL;

  return( flags );
}

static VipsForeignFlags
vips_foreign_load_png_get_flags( VipsForeignLoad *load )
{
  VipsForeignLoadPng *png = (VipsForeignLoadPng *) load;

  return( vips_foreign_load_png_get_flags_filename( png->filename ) );
}

static int
vips_foreign_load_png_header( VipsForeignLoad *load )
{
  VipsForeignLoadPng *png = (VipsForeignLoadPng *) load;

  if( vips__png_header( png->filename, load->out ) )
  	return( -1 );

  return( 0 );
}

static int
vips_foreign_load_png_load( VipsForeignLoad *load )
{
  VipsForeignLoadPng *png = (VipsForeignLoadPng *) load;

  if( vips__png_read( png->filename, load->real ) )
  	return( -1 );

  return( 0 );
}

static void
vips_foreign_load_png_class_init( VipsForeignLoadPngClass *class )
{
  GObjectClass *gobject_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS( class );
  VipsObjectClass *object_class = (VipsObjectClass *) class;
  VipsForeignClass *foreign_class = (VipsForeignClass *) class;
  VipsForeignLoadClass *load_class = (VipsForeignLoadClass *) class;

  gobject_class->set_property = vips_object_set_property;
  gobject_class->get_property = vips_object_get_property;

  object_class->nickname = "pngload";
  object_class->description = _( "load png from file" );

  foreign_class->suffs = vips__png_suffs;

  load_class->is_a = vips__png_ispng;
  load_class->get_flags_filename = 
  	vips_foreign_load_png_get_flags_filename;
  load_class->get_flags = vips_foreign_load_png_get_flags;
  load_class->header = vips_foreign_load_png_header;
  load_class->load = vips_foreign_load_png_load;

  VIPS_ARG_STRING( class, "filename", 1, 
  	_( "Filename" ),
  	_( "Filename to load from" ),
  	VIPS_ARGUMENT_REQUIRED_INPUT, 
  	G_STRUCT_OFFSET( VipsForeignLoadPng, filename ),
  	NULL );
}

static void
vips_foreign_load_png_init( VipsForeignLoadPng *png )
{
}

Writing a new saver

Call your saver in the class' build() method after chaining up. The prepared image should be ready for you to save in ready .

As a complete example, here's the code for the CSV saver, minus the calls to the actual save routines.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
typedef struct _VipsForeignSaveCsv {
  VipsForeignSave parent_object;

  char *filename; 
  const char *separator;
} VipsForeignSaveCsv;

typedef VipsForeignSaveClass VipsForeignSaveCsvClass;

G_DEFINE_TYPE( VipsForeignSaveCsv, vips_foreign_save_csv, 
  VIPS_TYPE_FOREIGN_SAVE );

static int
vips_foreign_save_csv_build( VipsObject *object )
{
  VipsForeignSave *save = (VipsForeignSave *) object;
  VipsForeignSaveCsv *csv = (VipsForeignSaveCsv *) object;

  if( VIPS_OBJECT_CLASS( vips_foreign_save_csv_parent_class )->
  	build( object ) )
  	return( -1 );

  if( vips__csv_write( save->ready, csv->filename, csv->separator ) )
  	return( -1 );

  return( 0 );
}

static void
vips_foreign_save_csv_class_init( VipsForeignSaveCsvClass *class )
{
  GObjectClass *gobject_class = G_OBJECT_CLASS( class );
  VipsObjectClass *object_class = (VipsObjectClass *) class;
  VipsForeignClass *foreign_class = (VipsForeignClass *) class;
  VipsForeignSaveClass *save_class = (VipsForeignSaveClass *) class;

  gobject_class->set_property = vips_object_set_property;
  gobject_class->get_property = vips_object_get_property;

  object_class->nickname = "csvsave";
  object_class->description = _( "save image to csv file" );
  object_class->build = vips_foreign_save_csv_build;

  foreign_class->suffs = vips__foreign_csv_suffs;

  save_class->saveable = VIPS_SAVEABLE_MONO;
  // no need to define ->format_table, we don't want the input 
  // cast for us

  VIPS_ARG_STRING( class, "filename", 1, 
  	_( "Filename" ),
  	_( "Filename to save to" ),
  	VIPS_ARGUMENT_REQUIRED_INPUT, 
  	G_STRUCT_OFFSET( VipsForeignSaveCsv, filename ),
  	NULL );

  VIPS_ARG_STRING( class, "separator", 13, 
  	_( "Separator" ), 
  	_( "Separator characters" ),
  	VIPS_ARGUMENT_OPTIONAL_INPUT,
  	G_STRUCT_OFFSET( VipsForeignSaveCsv, separator ),
  	"\t" ); 
}

static void
vips_foreign_save_csv_init( VipsForeignSaveCsv *csv )
{
  csv->separator = g_strdup( "\t" );
}

Functions

vips_foreign_map ()

void *
vips_foreign_map (const char *base,
                  VipsSListMap2Fn fn,
                  void *a,
                  void *b);

Apply a function to every VipsForeignClass that VIPS knows about. Foreigns are presented to the function in priority order.

Like all VIPS map functions, if fn returns NULL, iteration continues. If it returns non-NULL, iteration terminates and that value is returned. The map function returns NULL if all calls return NULL.

See also: vips_slist_map().

Parameters

base

base class to search below (eg. "VipsForeignLoad")

 

fn

function to apply to each VipsForeignClass.

[scope call]

a

user data

 

b

user data

 

Returns

the result of iteration.

[transfer none]


vips_foreign_find_load ()

const char *
vips_foreign_find_load (const char *filename);

Searches for an operation you could use to load filename . Any trailing options on filename are stripped and ignored.

See also: vips_foreign_find_load_buffer(), vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to find a loader for

 

Returns

the name of an operation on success, NULL on error


vips_foreign_find_load_buffer ()

const char *
vips_foreign_find_load_buffer (const void *data,
                               size_t size);

Searches for an operation you could use to load a memory buffer. To see the range of buffer loaders supported by your vips, try something like:

vips -l | grep load_buffer

See also: vips_image_new_from_buffer().

Parameters

data

start of memory buffer.

[array length=size][element-type guint8][transfer none]

size

number of bytes in data .

[type gsize]

Returns

the name of an operation on success, NULL on error.

[transfer none]


vips_foreign_find_load_source ()

const char *
vips_foreign_find_load_source (VipsSource *source);

Searches for an operation you could use to load a source. To see the range of source loaders supported by your vips, try something like:

vips -l | grep load_source

See also: vips_image_new_from_source().

Parameters

source

source to load from

 

Returns

the name of an operation on success, NULL on error.

[transfer none]


vips_foreign_flags ()

VipsForeignFlags
vips_foreign_flags (const char *loader,
                    const char *filename);

Return the flags for filename using loader . loader is something like "tiffload" or "VipsForeignLoadTiff".

Parameters

loader

name of loader to use for test

 

filename

file to test

 

Returns

the flags for filename .


vips_foreign_is_a ()

gboolean
vips_foreign_is_a (const char *loader,
                   const char *filename);

Return TRUE if filename can be loaded by loader . loader is something like "tiffload" or "VipsForeignLoadTiff".

Parameters

loader

name of loader to use for test

 

filename

file to test

 

Returns

TRUE if filename can be loaded by loader .


vips_foreign_is_a_buffer ()

gboolean
vips_foreign_is_a_buffer (const char *loader,
                          const void *data,
                          size_t size);

Return TRUE if data can be loaded by loader . loader is something like "tiffload_buffer" or "VipsForeignLoadTiffBuffer".

Parameters

loader

name of loader to use for test

 

data

pointer to the buffer to test.

[array length=size][element-type guint8]

size

size of the buffer to test.

[type gsize]

Returns

TRUE if data can be loaded by loader .


vips_foreign_is_a_source ()

gboolean
vips_foreign_is_a_source (const char *loader,
                          VipsSource *source);

Return TRUE if source can be loaded by loader . loader is something like "tiffload_source" or "VipsForeignLoadTiffSource".

Parameters

loader

name of loader to use for test

 

source

source to test

 

Returns

TRUE if data can be loaded by source .


vips_foreign_load_invalidate ()

void
vips_foreign_load_invalidate (VipsImage *image);

Loaders can call this on the image they are making if they see a read error from the load library. It signals "invalidate" on the load operation and will cause it to be dropped from cache.

If we know a file will cause a read error, we don't want to cache the failing operation, we want to make sure the image will really be opened again if our caller tries again. For example, a broken file might be replaced by a working one.

[method]

Parameters

image

image to invalidate

 

vips_foreign_find_save ()

const char *
vips_foreign_find_save (const char *filename);

Searches for an operation you could use to write to filename . Any trailing options on filename are stripped and ignored.

See also: vips_foreign_find_save_buffer(), vips_image_write_to_file().

Parameters

filename

name to find a saver for

 

Returns

the name of an operation on success, NULL on error


vips_foreign_get_suffixes ()

gchar **
vips_foreign_get_suffixes (void);

Get a NULL-terminated array listing all the supported suffixes.

This is not the same as all the supported file types, since libvips detects image format for load by testing the first few bytes.

Use vips_foreign_find_load() to detect type for a specific file.

Free the return result with g_strfreev().

[method]

Returns

all supported file extensions, as a NULL-terminated array.

[transfer full]


vips_foreign_find_save_buffer ()

const char *
vips_foreign_find_save_buffer (const char *suffix);

Searches for an operation you could use to write to a buffer in suffix format.

See also: vips_image_write_to_buffer().

Parameters

suffix

name to find a saver for

 

Returns

the name of an operation on success, NULL on error


vips_foreign_find_save_target ()

const char *
vips_foreign_find_save_target (const char *suffix);

Searches for an operation you could use to write to a target in suffix format.

See also: vips_image_write_to_buffer().

Parameters

suffix

format to find a saver for

 

Returns

the name of an operation on success, NULL on error


vips_vipsload ()

int
vips_vipsload (const char *filename,
               VipsImage **out,
               ...);

Read in a vips image.

See also: vips_vipssave().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_vipssave ()

int
vips_vipssave (VipsImage *in,
               const char *filename,
               ...);

Write in to filename in VIPS format.

See also: vips_vipsload().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_openslideload ()

int
vips_openslideload (const char *filename,
                    VipsImage **out,
                    ...);

Optional arguments:

  • level : gint, load this level

  • associated : gchararray, load this associated image

  • attach_associated : gboolean, attach all associated images as metadata

  • autocrop : gboolean, crop to image bounds

Read a virtual slide supported by the OpenSlide library into a VIPS image. OpenSlide supports images in Aperio, Hamamatsu, MIRAX, Sakura, Trestle, and Ventana formats.

To facilitate zooming, virtual slide formats include multiple scaled-down versions of the high-resolution image. These are typically called "levels". By default, vips_openslideload() reads the highest-resolution level (level 0). Set level to the level number you want.

In addition to the slide image itself, virtual slide formats sometimes include additional images, such as a scan of the slide's barcode. OpenSlide calls these "associated images". To read an associated image, set associated to the image's name. A slide's associated images are listed in the "slide-associated-images" metadata item.

If you set attach_associated , then all associated images are attached as metadata items. Use vips_image_get_image() on out to retrieve them. Images are attached as "openslide-associated-XXXXX", where XXXXX is the name of the associated image.

The output of this operator is always RGBA.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_jpegload ()

int
vips_jpegload (const char *filename,
               VipsImage **out,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

  • shrink : gint, shrink by this much on load

  • fail : gboolean, fail on errors

  • autorotate : gboolean, rotate image upright during load

Read a JPEG file into a VIPS image. It can read most 8-bit JPEG images, including CMYK and YCbCr.

shrink means shrink by this integer factor during load. Possible values are 1, 2, 4 and 8. Shrinking during read is very much faster than decompressing the whole image and then shrinking later.

Setting fail to TRUE makes the JPEG reader fail on any errors. This can be useful for detecting truncated files, for example. Normally reading these produces a warning, but no fatal error.

Setting autorotate to TRUE will make the loader interpret the orientation tag and automatically rotate the image appropriately during load.

If autorotate is FALSE, the metadata field VIPS_META_ORIENTATION is set to the value of the orientation tag. Applications may read and interpret this field as they wish later in processing. See vips_autorot(). Save operations will use VIPS_META_ORIENTATION, if present, to set the orientation of output images.

Example:

1
2
3
4
vips_jpegload( "fred.jpg", &out,
	"shrink", 8,
	"fail", TRUE,
	NULL );

Any embedded ICC profiles are ignored: you always just get the RGB from the file. Instead, the embedded profile will be attached to the image as VIPS_META_ICC_NAME. You need to use something like vips_icc_import() to get CIE values from the file.

EXIF metadata is attached as VIPS_META_EXIF_NAME, IPTC as VIPS_META_IPTC_NAME, and XMP as VIPS_META_XMP_NAME.

The int metadata item "jpeg-multiscan" is set to the result of jpeg_has_multiple_scans(). Interlaced jpeg images need a large amount of memory to load, so this field gives callers a chance to handle these images differently.

The string-valued field "jpeg-chroma-subsample" gives the chroma subsample in standard notation. 4:4:4 means no subsample, 4:2:0 means YCbCr with Cb and Cr subsampled horizontally and vertically, 4:4:4:4 means a CMYK image with no subsampling.

The EXIF thumbnail, if present, is attached to the image as "jpeg-thumbnail-data". See vips_image_get_blob().

See also: vips_jpegload_buffer(), vips_image_new_from_file(), vips_autorot().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_jpegload_buffer ()

int
vips_jpegload_buffer (void *buf,
                      size_t len,
                      VipsImage **out,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • shrink : gint, shrink by this much on load

  • fail : gboolean, fail on errors

  • autorotate : gboolean, use exif Orientation tag to rotate the image during load

Read a JPEG-formatted memory block into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_jpegload(), but read from a memory buffer.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_jpegload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_jpegsave_target ()

int
vips_jpegsave_target (VipsImage *in,
                      VipsTarget *target,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • profile : filename of ICC profile to attach

  • optimize_coding : gboolean, compute optimal Huffman coding tables

  • interlace : gboolean, write an interlaced (progressive) jpeg

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

  • no_subsample : gboolean, disable chroma subsampling

  • trellis_quant : gboolean, apply trellis quantisation to each 8x8 block

  • overshoot_deringing : gboolean, overshoot samples with extreme values

  • optimize_scans : gboolean, split DCT coefficients into separate scans

  • quant_table : gint, quantization table index

As vips_jpegsave(), but save to a target.

See also: vips_jpegsave(), vips_image_write_to_target().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

target

save image to this target

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_jpegsave ()

int
vips_jpegsave (VipsImage *in,
               const char *filename,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • profile : filename of ICC profile to attach

  • optimize_coding : gboolean, compute optimal Huffman coding tables

  • interlace : gboolean, write an interlaced (progressive) jpeg

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

  • no_subsample : gboolean, disable chroma subsampling

  • trellis_quant : gboolean, apply trellis quantisation to each 8x8 block

  • overshoot_deringing : gboolean, overshoot samples with extreme values

  • optimize_scans : gboolean, split DCT coefficients into separate scans

  • quant_table : gint, quantization table index

Write a VIPS image to a file as JPEG.

Use Q to set the JPEG compression factor. Default 75.

Use profile to give the name of a profile to be embedded in the JPEG. This does not affect the pixels which are written, just the way they are tagged. See vips_profile_load() for details on profile naming.

If no profile is specified and the VIPS header contains an ICC profile named VIPS_META_ICC_NAME, the profile from the VIPS header will be attached.

If optimize_coding is set, the Huffman tables are optimized. This is sllightly slower and produces slightly smaller files.

If interlace is set, the jpeg files will be interlaced (progressive jpeg, in jpg parlance). These files may be better for display over a slow network conection, but need much more memory to encode and decode.

If strip is set, no EXIF data, IPTC data, ICC profile or XMP metadata is written into the output file.

If no_subsample is set, chrominance subsampling is disabled. This will improve quality at the cost of larger file size. Useful for high Q factors.

If trellis_quant is set and the version of libjpeg supports it (e.g. mozjpeg >= 3.0), apply trellis quantisation to each 8x8 block. Reduces file size but increases compression time.

If overshoot_deringing is set and the version of libjpeg supports it (e.g. mozjpeg >= 3.0), apply overshooting to samples with extreme values for example 0 and 255 for 8-bit. Overshooting may reduce ringing artifacts from compression, in particular in areas where black text appears on a white background.

If optimize_scans is set and the version of libjpeg supports it (e.g. mozjpeg >= 3.0), split the spectrum of DCT coefficients into separate scans. Reduces file size but increases compression time.

If quant_table is set and the version of libjpeg supports it (e.g. mozjpeg >= 3.0) it selects the quantization table to use:

  • 0 — Tables from JPEG Annex K (vips and libjpeg default)

  • 1 — Flat table

  • 2 — Table tuned for MSSIM on Kodak image set

  • 3 — Table from ImageMagick by N. Robidoux (current mozjpeg default)

  • 4 — Table tuned for PSNR-HVS-M on Kodak image set

  • 5 — Table from Relevance of Human Vision to JPEG-DCT Compression (1992)

  • 6 — Table from DCTune Perceptual Optimization of Compressed Dental X-Rays (1997)

  • 7 — Table from A Visual Detection Model for DCT Coefficient Quantization (1993)

  • 8 — Table from An Improved Detection Model for DCT Coefficient Quantization (1993)

Quantization table 0 is the default in vips and libjpeg(-turbo), but it tends to favor detail over color accuracy, producting colored patches and stripes as well as heavy banding in flat areas at high compression ratios. Quantization table 2 is a good candidate to try if the default quantization table produces banding or color shifts and is well suited for hires images. Quantization table 3 is the default in mozjpeg and has been tuned to produce good results at the default quality setting; banding at high compression. Quantization table 4 is the most accurate at the cost of compression ratio. Tables 5-7 are based on older research papers, but generally achieve worse compression ratios and/or quality than 2 or 4.

For maximum compression with mozjpeg, a useful set of options is strip, optimize-coding, interlace, optimize-scans, trellis-quant, quant_table=3.

The image is automatically converted to RGB, Monochrome or CMYK before saving.

EXIF data is constructed from VIPS_META_EXIF_NAME, then modified with any other related tags on the image before being written to the file. VIPS_META_RESOLUTION_UNIT is used to set the EXIF resolution unit. VIPS_META_ORIENTATION is used to set the EXIF orientation tag.

IPTC as VIPS_META_IPTC_NAME and XMP as VIPS_META_XMP_NAME are coded and attached.

See also: vips_jpegsave_buffer(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_jpegsave_buffer ()

int
vips_jpegsave_buffer (VipsImage *in,
                      void **buf,
                      size_t *len,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • profile : filename of ICC profile to attach

  • optimize_coding : gboolean, compute optimal Huffman coding tables

  • interlace : gboolean, write an interlaced (progressive) jpeg

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

  • no_subsample : gboolean, disable chroma subsampling

  • trellis_quant : gboolean, apply trellis quantisation to each 8x8 block

  • overshoot_deringing : gboolean, overshoot samples with extreme values

  • optimize_scans : gboolean, split DCT coefficients into separate scans

  • quant_table : gint, quantization table index

As vips_jpegsave(), but save to a memory buffer.

The address of the buffer is returned in obuf , the length of the buffer in olen . You are responsible for freeing the buffer with g_free() when you are done with it.

See also: vips_jpegsave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

buf

return output buffer here.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

return output length here.

[type gsize]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_jpegsave_mime ()

int
vips_jpegsave_mime (VipsImage *in,
                    ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • profile : filename of ICC profile to attach

  • optimize_coding : gboolean, compute optimal Huffman coding tables

  • interlace : gboolean, write an interlaced (progressive) jpeg

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

  • no_subsample : gboolean, disable chroma subsampling

  • trellis_quant : gboolean, apply trellis quantisation to each 8x8 block

  • overshoot_deringing : gboolean, overshoot samples with extreme values

  • optimize_scans : gboolean, split DCT coefficients into separate scans

  • quant_table : gint, quantization table index

As vips_jpegsave(), but save as a mime jpeg on stdout.

See also: vips_jpegsave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_webpload_source ()

int
vips_webpload_source (VipsSource *source,
                      VipsImage **out,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, page (frame) to read

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • scale : gdouble, scale by this much on load

Exactly as vips_webpload(), but read from a source.

See also: vips_webpload()

Parameters

source

source to load from

 

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_webpload ()

int
vips_webpload (const char *filename,
               VipsImage **out,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, page (frame) to read

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • scale : gdouble, scale by this much on load

Read a WebP file into a VIPS image.

Use page to select a page to render, numbering from zero.

Use n to select the number of pages to render. The default is 1. Pages are rendered in a vertical column, with each individual page aligned to the left. Set to -1 to mean "until the end of the document". Use vips_grid() to change page layout.

Use scale to specify a scale-on-load factor. For example, 2.0 to double the size on load.

The loader supports ICC, EXIF and XMP metadata.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_webpload_buffer ()

int
vips_webpload_buffer (void *buf,
                      size_t len,
                      VipsImage **out,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, page (frame) to read

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • scale : gdouble, scale by this much on load

Read a WebP-formatted memory block into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_webpload(), but read from a memory buffer.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_webpload()

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_webpsave_target ()

int
vips_webpsave_target (VipsImage *in,
                      VipsTarget *target,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • lossless : gboolean, enables lossless compression

  • preset : VipsForeignWebpPreset, choose lossy compression preset

  • smart_subsample : gboolean, enables high quality chroma subsampling

  • near_lossless : gboolean, preprocess in lossless mode (controlled by Q)

  • alpha_q : gint, set alpha quality in lossless mode

  • reduction_effort : gint, level of CPU effort to reduce file size

  • min_size : gboolean, minimise size

  • kmin : gint, minimum number of frames between keyframes

  • kmax : gint, maximum number of frames between keyframes

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

As vips_webpsave(), but save to a target.

See also: vips_webpsave().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

target

save image to this target

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_webpsave ()

int
vips_webpsave (VipsImage *in,
               const char *filename,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • lossless : gboolean, enables lossless compression

  • preset : VipsForeignWebpPreset, choose lossy compression preset

  • smart_subsample : gboolean, enables high quality chroma subsampling

  • near_lossless : gboolean, preprocess in lossless mode (controlled by Q)

  • alpha_q : gint, set alpha quality in lossless mode

  • reduction_effort : gint, level of CPU effort to reduce file size

  • min_size : gboolean, minimise size

  • kmin : gint, minimum number of frames between keyframes

  • kmax : gint, maximum number of frames between keyframes

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

Write an image to a file in WebP format.

By default, images are saved in lossy format, with Q giving the WebP quality factor. It has the range 0 - 100, with the default 75.

Use preset to hint the image type to the lossy compressor. The default is VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_DEFAULT.

Set smart_subsample to enable high quality chroma subsampling.

Use alpha_q to set the quality for the alpha channel in lossy mode. It has the range 1 - 100, with the default 100.

Use reduction_effort to control how much CPU time to spend attempting to reduce file size. A higher value means more effort and therefore CPU time should be spent. It has the range 0-6 and a default value of 4.

Set lossless to use lossless compression, or combine near_lossless with Q 80, 60, 40 or 20 to apply increasing amounts of preprocessing which improves the near-lossless compression ratio by up to 50%.

For animated webp output, min_size will try to optimize for minimum size.

For animated webp output, kmax sets the maximum number of frames between keyframes. Setting 0 means only keyframes. kmin sets the minimum number of frames between frames. Setting 0 means no keyframes. By default, keyframes are disabled.

Use the metadata items loop and delay to set the number of loops for the animation and the frame delays.

The writer will attach ICC, EXIF and XMP metadata, unless strip is set to TRUE.

See also: vips_webpload(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_webpsave_buffer ()

int
vips_webpsave_buffer (VipsImage *in,
                      void **buf,
                      size_t *len,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • lossless : gboolean, enables lossless compression

  • preset : VipsForeignWebpPreset, choose lossy compression preset

  • smart_subsample : gboolean, enables high quality chroma subsampling

  • near_lossless : gboolean, preprocess in lossless mode (controlled by Q)

  • alpha_q : gint, set alpha quality in lossless mode

  • reduction_effort : gint, level of CPU effort to reduce file size

  • min_size : gboolean, minimise size

  • kmin : gint, minimum number of frames between keyframes

  • kmax : gint, maximum number of frames between keyframes

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

As vips_webpsave(), but save to a memory buffer.

The address of the buffer is returned in buf , the length of the buffer in len . You are responsible for freeing the buffer with g_free() when you are done with it.

See also: vips_webpsave().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

buf

return output buffer here.

[out][array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

return output length here

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_webpsave_mime ()

int
vips_webpsave_mime (VipsImage *in,
                    ...);

Optional arguments:

  • Q : gint, quality factor

  • lossless : gboolean, enables lossless compression

  • preset : VipsForeignWebpPreset, choose lossy compression preset

  • smart_subsample : gboolean, enables high quality chroma subsampling

  • near_lossless : gboolean, preprocess in lossless mode (controlled by Q)

  • alpha_q : gint, set alpha quality in lossless mode

  • reduction_effort : gint, level of CPU effort to reduce file size

  • min_size : gboolean, minimise size

  • kmin : gint, minimum number of frames between keyframes

  • kmax : gint, maximum number of frames between keyframes

  • strip : gboolean, remove all metadata from image

As vips_webpsave(), but save as a mime webp on stdout.

See also: vips_webpsave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_tiffload ()

int
vips_tiffload (const char *filename,
               VipsImage **out,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, load this page

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • autorotate : gboolean, use orientation tag to rotate the image during load

Read a TIFF file into a VIPS image. It is a full baseline TIFF 6 reader, with extensions for tiled images, multipage images, LAB colour space, pyramidal images and JPEG compression. including CMYK and YCbCr.

page means load this page from the file. By default the first page (page 0) is read.

n means load this many pages. By default a single page is read. All the pages must have the same dimensions, and they are loaded as a tall, thin "toilet roll" image. The VIPS_META_PAGE_HEIGHT metadata tag gives the height in pixels of each page. Use -1 to load all pages.

Setting autorotate to TRUE will make the loader interpret the orientation tag and automatically rotate the image appropriately during load.

If autorotate is FALSE, the metadata field VIPS_META_ORIENTATION is set to the value of the orientation tag. Applications may read and interpret this field as they wish later in processing. See vips_autorot(). Save operations will use VIPS_META_ORIENTATION, if present, to set the orientation of output images.

Any ICC profile is read and attached to the VIPS image as VIPS_META_ICC_NAME. Any XMP metadata is read and attached to the image as VIPS_META_XMP_NAME. Any IPTC is attached as VIPS_META_IPTC_NAME. The image description is attached as VIPS_META_IMAGEDESCRIPTION. Data in the photoshop tag is attached as VIPS_META_PHOTOSHOP_NAME.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file(), vips_autorot().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_tiffload_buffer ()

int
vips_tiffload_buffer (void *buf,
                      size_t len,
                      VipsImage **out,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, load this page

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • autorotate : gboolean, use orientation tag to rotate the image during load

Read a TIFF-formatted memory block into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_tiffload(), but read from a memory source.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_tiffload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_tiffload_source ()

int
vips_tiffload_source (VipsSource *source,
                      VipsImage **out,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, load this page

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • autorotate : gboolean, use orientation tag to rotate the image during load

Exactly as vips_tiffload(), but read from a source.

See also: vips_tiffload().

Parameters

source

source to load

 

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_tiffsave ()

int
vips_tiffsave (VipsImage *in,
               const char *filename,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

Write a VIPS image to a file as TIFF.

If in has the VIPS_META_PAGE_HEIGHT metadata item, this is assumed to be a "toilet roll" image. It will be written as series of pages, each VIPS_META_PAGE_HEIGHT pixels high.

Use compression to set the tiff compression. Currently jpeg, packbits, fax4, lzw, none, deflate, webp and zstd are supported. The default is no compression. JPEG compression is a good lossy compressor for photographs, packbits is good for 1-bit images, and deflate is the best lossless compression TIFF can do.

Use Q to set the JPEG compression factor. Default 75.

User level to set the ZSTD compression level. Use lossless to set WEBP lossless mode on. Use Q to set the WEBP compression level.

Use predictor to set the predictor for lzw and deflate compression. It defaults to VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_PREDICTOR_HORIZONTAL, meaning horizontal differencing. Please refer to the libtiff specifications for further discussion of various predictors.

Use profile to give the filename of a profile to be embedded in the TIFF. This does not affect the pixels which are written, just the way they are tagged. See vips_profile_load() for details on profile naming.

If no profile is specified and the VIPS header contains an ICC profile named VIPS_META_ICC_NAME, the profile from the VIPS header will be attached.

Set tile to TRUE to write a tiled tiff. By default tiff are written in strips. Use tile_width and tile_height to set the tile size. The defaiult is 128 by 128.

Set pyramid to write the image as a set of images, one per page, of decreasing size. Use region_shrink to set how images will be shrunk: by default each 2x2 block is just averaged, but you can set MODE or MEDIAN as well.

Set squash to make 8-bit uchar images write as 1-bit TIFFs. Values >128 are written as white, values <=128 as black. Normally vips will write MINISBLACK TIFFs where black is a 0 bit, but if you set miniswhite , it will use 0 for a white bit. Many pre-press applications only work with images which use this sense. miniswhite only affects one-bit images, it does nothing for greyscale images.

Set squash to squash 3-band float CIELAB images down to 8-bit CIELAB.

Use resunit to override the default resolution unit. The default resolution unit is taken from the header field VIPS_META_RESOLUTION_UNIT. If this field is not set, then VIPS defaults to cm.

Use xres and yres to override the default horizontal and vertical resolutions. By default these values are taken from the VIPS image header. libvips resolution is always in pixels per millimetre.

Set bigtiff to attempt to write a bigtiff. Bigtiff is a variant of the TIFF format that allows more than 4GB in a file.

Set properties to write all vips metadata to the IMAGEDESCRIPTION tag as xml. If properties is not set, the value of VIPS_META_IMAGEDESCRIPTION is used instead.

The value of VIPS_META_XMP_NAME is written to the XMP tag. VIPS_META_ORIENTATION (if set) is used to set the value of the orientation tag. VIPS_META_IPTC (if set) is used to set the value of the IPTC tag. VIPS_META_PHOTOSHOP_NAME (if set) is used to set the value of the PHOTOSHOP tag.

See also: vips_tiffload(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_tiffsave_buffer ()

int
vips_tiffsave_buffer (VipsImage *in,
                      void **buf,
                      size_t *len,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

As vips_tiffsave(), but save to a memory buffer.

The address of the buffer is returned in buf , the length of the buffer in len . You are responsible for freeing the buffer with g_free() when you are done with it.

See also: vips_tiffsave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

buf

return output buffer here.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

return output length here.

[type gsize]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_openexrload ()

int
vips_openexrload (const char *filename,
                  VipsImage **out,
                  ...);

Read a OpenEXR file into a VIPS image.

The reader can handle scanline and tiled OpenEXR images. It can't handle OpenEXR colour management, image attributes, many pixel formats, anything other than RGBA.

This reader uses the rather limited OpenEXR C API. It should really be redone in C++.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_fitsload ()

int
vips_fitsload (const char *filename,
               VipsImage **out,
               ...);

Read a FITS image file into a VIPS image.

This operation can read images with up to three dimensions. Any higher dimensions must be empty.

It can read 8, 16 and 32-bit integer images, signed and unsigned, float and double.

FITS metadata is attached with the "fits-" prefix.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_fitssave ()

int
vips_fitssave (VipsImage *in,
               const char *filename,
               ...);

Write a VIPS image to a file in FITS format.

See also: vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_analyzeload ()

int
vips_analyzeload (const char *filename,
                  VipsImage **out,
                  ...);

Load an Analyze 6.0 file. If filename is "fred.img", this will look for an image header called "fred.hdr" and pixel data in "fred.img". You can also load "fred" or "fred.hdr".

Images are loaded lazilly and byte-swapped, if necessary. The Analyze metadata is read and attached.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_rawload ()

int
vips_rawload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              int width,
              int height,
              int bands,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

This operation mmaps the file, setting up out so that access to that image will read from the file.

By default, it assumes uchar pixels. Use format to select something else.

The image will be tagged as VIPS_INTERPRETATION_MULTIBAND. Use interpretation to select something else.

Use vips_byteswap() to reverse the byte ordering if necessary.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file(), vips_copy(), vips_byteswap().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

width

width of image in pixels

 

height

height of image in pixels

 

bands

number of image bands

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_rawsave ()

int
vips_rawsave (VipsImage *in,
              const char *filename,
              ...);

Writes the pixels in in to the file filename with no header or other metadata.

See also: vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_rawsave_fd ()

int
vips_rawsave_fd (VipsImage *in,
                 int fd,
                 ...);

Writes the pixels in in to the fd with no header or other metadata. Handy for implementing other savers.

See also: vips_rawsave().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

fd

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_csvload ()

int
vips_csvload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

  • skip : skip this many lines at start of file

  • lines : read this many lines from file

  • whitespace : set of whitespace characters

  • separator : set of separator characters

  • fail : gboolean, fail on errors

Load a CSV (comma-separated values) file. The output image is always 1 band (monochrome), VIPS_FORMAT_DOUBLE. Use vips_bandfold() to turn RGBRGBRGB mono images into colour iamges.

Items in lines can be either floating point numbers in the C locale, or strings enclosed in double-quotes ("), or empty. You can use a backslash() within the quotes to escape special characters, such as quote marks.

The reader is deliberately rather fussy: it will fail if there are any short lines, or if the file is too short. It will ignore lines that are too long.

skip sets the number of lines to skip at the start of the file. Default zero.

lines sets the number of lines to read from the file. Default -1, meaning read all lines to end of file.

whitespace sets the skippable whitespace characters. Default space. Whitespace characters are always run together.

separator sets the characters that separate fields. Default ;,tab. Separators are never run together.

Setting fail to TRUE makes the reader fail on any errors.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file(), vips_bandfold().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_csvsave ()

int
vips_csvsave (VipsImage *in,
              const char *filename,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

  • separator : separator string

Writes the pixels in in to the filename as CSV (comma-separated values). The image is written one line of text per scanline. Complex numbers are written as "(real,imaginary)" and will need extra parsing I guess. Only the first band is written.

separator gives the string to use to separate numbers in the output. The default is "\t" (tab).

See also: vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_matrixload ()

int
vips_matrixload (const char *filename,
                 VipsImage **out,
                 ...);

Reads a matrix from a file.

Matrix files have a simple format that's supposed to be easy to create with a text editor or a spreadsheet.

The first line has four numbers for width, height, scale and offset (scale and offset may be omitted, in which case they default to 1.0 and 0.0). Scale must be non-zero. Width and height must be positive integers. The numbers are separated by any mixture of spaces, commas, tabs and quotation marks ("). The scale and offset fields may be floating-point, and must use '.' as a decimal separator.

Subsequent lines each hold one row of matrix data, with numbers again separated by any mixture of spaces, commas, tabs and quotation marks ("). The numbers may be floating-point, and must use '.' as a decimal separator.

Extra characters at the ends of lines or at the end of the file are ignored.

See also: vips_csvload().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_matrixsave ()

int
vips_matrixsave (VipsImage *in,
                 const char *filename,
                 ...);

Write in to filename in matrix format. See vips_matrixload() for a description of the format.

See also: vips_matrixload().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_matrixprint ()

int
vips_matrixprint (VipsImage *in,
                  ...);

Print in to stdout in matrix format. See vips_matrixload() for a description of the format.

See also: vips_matrixload().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to print

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_magickload ()

int
vips_magickload (const char *filename,
                 VipsImage **out,
                 ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, load from this page

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • density : string, canvas resolution for rendering vector formats like SVG

Read in an image using libMagick, the ImageMagick library. This library can read more than 80 file formats, including SVG, BMP, EPS, DICOM and many others. The reader can handle any ImageMagick image, including the float and double formats. It will work with any quantum size, including HDR. Any metadata attached to the libMagick image is copied on to the VIPS image.

The reader should also work with most versions of GraphicsMagick. See the "--with-magickpackage" configure option.

The file format is usually guessed from the filename suffix, or sniffed from the file contents.

Normally it will only load the first image in a many-image sequence (such as a GIF or a PDF). Use page and n to set the start page and number of pages to load. Set n to -1 to load all pages from page onwards.

density is "WxH" in DPI, e.g. "600x300" or "600" (default is "72x72"). See the density docs on the imagemagick website.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_magickload_buffer ()

int
vips_magickload_buffer (void *buf,
                        size_t len,
                        VipsImage **out,
                        ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, load from this page

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • density : string, canvas resolution for rendering vector formats like SVG

Read an image memory block using libMagick into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_magickload(), but read from a memory source.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_magickload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area

 

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_magicksave ()

int
vips_magicksave (VipsImage *in,
                 const char *filename,
                 ...);

Optional arguments:

  • quality : gint, quality factor

  • format : gchararray, format to save as

  • optimize_gif_frames : gboolean, apply GIF frames optimization

  • optimize_gif_transparency : gboolean, apply GIF transparency optimization

Write an image using libMagick.

Use quality to set the quality factor. Default 0.

Use format to explicitly set the save format, for example, "BMP". Otherwise the format is guessed from the filename suffix.

If optimize_gif_frames is set, GIF frames are cropped to the smallest size while preserving the results of the GIF animation. This takes some time for computation but saves some time on encoding and produces smaller files in some cases.

If optimize_gif_transparency is set, pixels that don't change the image through animation are made transparent. This takes some time for computation but saves some time on encoding and produces smaller files in some cases.

See also: vips_magicksave_buffer(), vips_magickload().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_magicksave_buffer ()

int
vips_magicksave_buffer (VipsImage *in,
                        void **buf,
                        size_t *len,
                        ...);

Optional arguments:

  • quality : gint, quality factor

  • format : gchararray, format to save as

  • optimize_gif_frames : gboolean, apply GIF frames optimization

  • optimize_gif_transparency : gboolean, apply GIF transparency optimization

As vips_magicksave(), but save to a memory buffer.

The address of the buffer is returned in obuf , the length of the buffer in olen . You are responsible for freeing the buffer with g_free() when you are done with it.

See also: vips_magicksave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

buf

return output buffer here.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

return output length here.

[type gsize]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pngload_source ()

int
vips_pngload_source (VipsSource *source,
                     VipsImage **out,
                     ...);

Exactly as vips_pngload(), but read from a source.

See also: vips_pngload().

Parameters

source

source to load from

 

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pngload ()

int
vips_pngload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Read a PNG file into a VIPS image. It can read all png images, including 8- and 16-bit images, 1 and 3 channel, with and without an alpha channel.

Any ICC profile is read and attached to the VIPS image. It also supports XMP metadata.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pngload_buffer ()

int
vips_pngload_buffer (void *buf,
                     size_t len,
                     VipsImage **out,
                     ...);

Exactly as vips_pngload(), but read from a PNG-formatted memory block.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_pngload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pngsave_target ()

int
vips_pngsave_target (VipsImage *in,
                     VipsTarget *target,
                     ...);

Optional arguments:

  • compression : compression level

  • interlace : interlace image

  • profile : ICC profile to embed

  • filter : libpng row filter flag(s)

  • palette : enable quantisation to 8bpp palette

  • colours : max number of palette colours for quantisation

  • Q : quality for 8bpp quantisation (does not exceed colours )

  • dither : amount of dithering for 8bpp quantization

As vips_pngsave(), but save to a target.

See also: vips_pngsave(), vips_image_write_to_target().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

target

save image to this target

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pngsave ()

int
vips_pngsave (VipsImage *in,
              const char *filename,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

  • compression : gint, compression level

  • interlace : gboolean, interlace image

  • profile : gchararray, ICC profile to embed

  • filter : VipsForeignPngFilter row filter flag(s)

  • palette : gboolean, enable quantisation to 8bpp palette

  • colours : gint, max number of palette colours for quantisation

  • Q : gint, quality for 8bpp quantisation (does not exceed colours )

  • dither : gdouble, amount of dithering for 8bpp quantization

Write a VIPS image to a file as PNG.

compression means compress with this much effort (0 - 9). Default 6.

Set interlace to TRUE to interlace the image with ADAM7 interlacing. Beware than an interlaced PNG can be up to 7 times slower to write than a non-interlaced image.

Use profile to give the filename of a profile to be embedded in the PNG. This does not affect the pixels which are written, just the way they are tagged. See vips_profile_load() for details on profile naming.

If profile is specified and the VIPS header contains an ICC profile named VIPS_META_ICC_NAME ("icc-profile-data"), the profile from the VIPS header will be attached.

Use filter to specify one or more filters (instead of adaptive filtering), see VipsForeignPngFilter.

The image is automatically converted to RGB, RGBA, Monochrome or Mono + alpha before saving. Images with more than one byte per band element are saved as 16-bit PNG, others are saved as 8-bit PNG.

Set palette to TRUE to enable quantisation to an 8-bit per pixel palette image with alpha transparency support. If colours is given, it limits the maximum number of palette entries. Similar to JPEG the quality can also be be changed with the Q parameter which further reduces the palette size and dither controls the amount of Floyd-Steinberg dithering. This feature requires libvips to be compiled with libimagequant.

XMP metadata is written to the XMP chunk. PNG comments are written to separate text chunks.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pngsave_buffer ()

int
vips_pngsave_buffer (VipsImage *in,
                     void **buf,
                     size_t *len,
                     ...);

Optional arguments:

  • compression : gint, compression level

  • interlace : gboolean, interlace image

  • profile : gchararray, ICC profile to embed

  • filter : VipsForeignPngFilter row filter flag(s)

  • palette : gboolean, enable quantisation to 8bpp palette

  • colours : gint, max number of palette colours for quantisation

  • Q : gint, quality for 8bpp quantisation (does not exceed colours )

  • dither : gdouble, amount of dithering for 8bpp quantization

As vips_pngsave(), but save to a memory buffer.

The address of the buffer is returned in buf , the length of the buffer in len . You are responsible for freeing the buffer with g_free() when you are done with it.

See also: vips_pngsave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

buf

return output buffer here.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

return output length here.

[type gsize]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_ppmload ()

int
vips_ppmload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Read a PPM/PBM/PGM/PFM file into a VIPS image.

It can read 1, 8, 16 and 32 bit images, colour or monochrome, stored in binary or in ASCII. One bit images become 8 bit VIPS images, with 0 and 255 for 0 and 1.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_ppmsave ()

int
vips_ppmsave (VipsImage *in,
              const char *filename,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

  • ascii : save as ASCII rather than binary

  • squash : squash 8-bit images down to one bit

Write a VIPS image to a file as PPM. It can write 1, 8, 16 or 32 bit unsigned integer images, float images, colour or monochrome, stored as binary or ASCII. Integer images of more than 8 bits can only be stored in ASCII.

When writing float (PFM) images the scale factor is set from the "pfm-scale" metadata.

Set ascii to TRUE to write as human-readable ASCII. Normally data is written in binary.

Set squash to TRUE to squash 8-bit images down to one bit. The saver does no dithering, that's up to you.

See also: vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_matload ()

int
vips_matload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Read a Matlab save file into a VIPS image.

This operation searches the save file for the first array variable with between 1 and 3 dimensions and loads it as an image. It will not handle complex images. It does not handle sparse matrices.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_radload_source ()

int
vips_radload_source (VipsSource *source,
                     VipsImage **out,
                     ...);

Exactly as vips_radload(), but read from a source.

See also: vips_radload().

Parameters

source

source to load from

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_radload ()

int
vips_radload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Read a Radiance (HDR) file into a VIPS image.

Radiance files are read as VIPS_CODING_RAD. They have one byte for each of red, green and blue, and one byte of shared exponent. Some operations (like vips_extract_area()) can work directly with images in this format, but mmany (all the arithmetic operations, for example) will not. Unpack VIPS_CODING_RAD images to 3 band float with vips_rad2float() if you want to do arithmetic on them.

This operation ignores some header fields, like VIEW and DATE. It will not rotate/flip as the FORMAT string asks.

Sections of this reader from Greg Ward and Radiance with kind permission.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_radload_buffer ()

int
vips_radload_buffer (void *buf,
                     size_t len,
                     VipsImage **out,
                     ...);

Exactly as vips_radload(), but read from a HDR-formatted memory block.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_radload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_radsave ()

int
vips_radsave (VipsImage *in,
              const char *filename,
              ...);

Write a VIPS image in Radiance (HDR) format.

Sections of this reader from Greg Ward and Radiance with kind permission.

See also: vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_radsave_buffer ()

int
vips_radsave_buffer (VipsImage *in,
                     void **buf,
                     size_t *len,
                     ...);

As vips_radsave(), but save to a memory buffer.

The address of the buffer is returned in buf , the length of the buffer in len . You are responsible for freeing the buffer with g_free() when you are done with it.

See also: vips_radsave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

buf

return output buffer here.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

return output length here.

[type gsize]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_radsave_target ()

int
vips_radsave_target (VipsImage *in,
                     VipsTarget *target,
                     ...);

As vips_radsave(), but save to a target.

See also: vips_radsave().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

target

save image to this target

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pdfload ()

int
vips_pdfload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, load this page, numbered from zero

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • dpi : gdouble, render at this DPI

  • scale : gdouble, scale render by this factor

  • background : VipsArrayDouble background colour

Render a PDF file into a VIPS image. Rendering uses the libpoppler library and should be fast.

The output image is always RGBA --- CMYK PDFs will be converted. If you need CMYK bitmaps, you should use vips_magickload() instead.

Use page to select a page to render, numbering from zero.

Use n to select the number of pages to render. The default is 1. Pages are rendered in a vertical column, with each individual page aligned to the left. Set to -1 to mean "until the end of the document". Use vips_grid() to change page layout.

Use dpi to set the rendering resolution. The default is 72. Alternatively, you can scale the rendering from the default 1 point == 1 pixel by setting scale .

Use background to set the background RGBA colour. The default is 255 (solid white), use eg. 0 for a transparent background.

The operation fills a number of header fields with metadata, for example "pdf-author". They may be useful.

This function only reads the image header and does not render any pixel data. Rendering occurs when pixels are accessed.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file(), vips_magickload().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_pdfload_buffer ()

int
vips_pdfload_buffer (void *buf,
                     size_t len,
                     VipsImage **out,
                     ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, load this page, numbered from zero

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • dpi : gdouble, render at this DPI

  • scale : gdouble, scale render by this factor

  • background : VipsArrayDouble background colour

Read a PDF-formatted memory buffer into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_pdfload(), but read from memory.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_pdfload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_svgload ()

int
vips_svgload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

  • dpi : gdouble, render at this DPI

  • scale : gdouble, scale render by this factor

  • unlimited : gboolean, allow SVGs of any size

Render a SVG file into a VIPS image. Rendering uses the librsvg library and should be fast.

Use dpi to set the rendering resolution. The default is 72. You can also scale the rendering by scale .

This function only reads the image header and does not render any pixel data. Rendering occurs when pixels are accessed.

SVGs larger than 10MB are normally blocked for security. Set unlimited to allow SVGs of any size.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_svgload_buffer ()

int
vips_svgload_buffer (void *buf,
                     size_t len,
                     VipsImage **out,
                     ...);

Optional arguments:

  • dpi : gdouble, render at this DPI

  • scale : gdouble, scale render by this factor

  • unlimited : gboolean, allow SVGs of any size

Read a SVG-formatted memory block into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_svgload(), but read from a memory buffer.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_svgload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_gifload ()

int
vips_gifload (const char *filename,
              VipsImage **out,
              ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, page (frame) to read

  • n : gint, load this many pages

Read a GIF file into a VIPS image.

Use page to select a page to render, numbering from zero.

Use n to select the number of pages to render. The default is 1. Pages are rendered in a vertical column, with each individual page aligned to the left. Set to -1 to mean "until the end of the document". Use vips_grid() to change page layout.

The whole GIF is rendered into memory on header access. The output image will be 1, 2, 3 or 4 bands depending on what the reader finds in the file.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

output image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_gifload_buffer ()

int
vips_gifload_buffer (void *buf,
                     size_t len,
                     VipsImage **out,
                     ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, page (frame) to read

  • n : gint, load this many pages

Read a GIF-formatted memory block into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_gifload(), but read from a memory buffer.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_gifload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_heifload ()

int
vips_heifload (const char *filename,
               VipsImage **out,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, page (top-level image number) to read

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • thumbnail : gboolean, fetch thumbnail instead of image

  • autorotate : gboolean, rotate image upright during load

Read a HEIF image file into a VIPS image.

Use page to select a page to render, numbering from zero. If neither n nor page are set, page defaults to the primary page, otherwise to 0.

Use n to select the number of pages to render. The default is 1. Pages are rendered in a vertical column. Set to -1 to mean "until the end of the document". Use vips_grid() to reorganise pages.

HEIF images have a primary image. The metadata item heif-primary gives the page number of the primary.

If thumbnail is TRUE, then fetch a stored thumbnail rather than the image.

Setting autorotate to TRUE will make the loader interpret the orientation tag and automatically rotate the image appropriately during load.

If autorotate is FALSE, the metadata field VIPS_META_ORIENTATION is set to the value of the orientation tag. Applications may read and interpret this field as they wish later in processing. See vips_autorot(). Save operations will use VIPS_META_ORIENTATION, if present, to set the orientation of output images.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_heifload_buffer ()

int
vips_heifload_buffer (void *buf,
                      size_t len,
                      VipsImage **out,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

  • page : gint, page (top-level image number) to read

  • n : gint, load this many pages

  • thumbnail : gboolean, fetch thumbnail instead of image

  • autorotate : gboolean, rotate image upright during load

Read a HEIF image file into a VIPS image. Exactly as vips_heifload(), but read from a memory buffer.

You must not free the buffer while out is active. The “postclose” signal on out is a good place to free.

See also: vips_heifload().

Parameters

buf

memory area to load.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

size of memory area.

[type gsize]

out

image to write.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_heifsave ()

int
vips_heifsave (VipsImage *in,
               const char *filename,
               ...);

Optional arguments:

Write a VIPS image to a file in HEIF format.

Use Q to set the compression factor. Default 50, which seems to be roughly what the iphone uses. Q 30 gives about the same quality as JPEG Q 75.

Set lossless TRUE to switch to lossless compression.

Use compression to set the encoder e.g. HEVC, AVC, AV1

See also: vips_image_write_to_file(), vips_heifload().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_heifsave_buffer ()

int
vips_heifsave_buffer (VipsImage *in,
                      void **buf,
                      size_t *len,
                      ...);

Optional arguments:

As vips_heifsave(), but save to a memory buffer.

The address of the buffer is returned in obuf , the length of the buffer in olen . You are responsible for freeing the buffer with g_free() when you are done with it.

See also: vips_heifsave(), vips_image_write_to_file().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

buf

return output buffer here.

[array length=len][element-type guint8]

len

return output length here.

[type gsize]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_niftiload ()

int
vips_niftiload (const char *filename,
                VipsImage **out,
                ...);

Read a NIFTI image file into a VIPS image.

NIFTI metadata is attached with the "nifti-" prefix.

See also: vips_image_new_from_file().

Parameters

filename

file to load

 

out

decompressed image.

[out]

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_niftisave ()

int
vips_niftisave (VipsImage *in,
                const char *filename,
                ...);

Write a VIPS image to a file in NIFTI format.

Use the various NIFTI suffixes to pick the nifti save format.

See also: vips_image_write_to_file(), vips_niftiload().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

filename

file to write to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.


vips_dzsave ()

int
vips_dzsave (VipsImage *in,
             const char *name,
             ...);

Optional arguments:

Save an image as a set of tiles at various resolutions. By default dzsave uses DeepZoom layout -- use layout to pick other conventions.

vips_dzsave() creates a directory called name to hold the tiles. If name ends .zip, vips_dzsave() will create a zip file called name to hold the tiles. You can use container to force zip file output.

Use basename to set the name of the directory tree we are creating. The default value is set from name .

You can set suffix to something like ".jpg[Q=85]" to control the tile write options.

In Google layout mode, edge tiles are expanded to tile_size by tile_size pixels. Normally they are filled with white, but you can set another colour with background . Images are usually placed at the top-left of the tile, but you can have them centred by turning on centre .

You can set the size and overlap of tiles with tile_size and overlap . They default to the correct settings for the selected layout . The deepzoom defaults produce 256x256 jpeg files for centre tiles, the most efficient size.

Use depth to control how low the pyramid goes. This defaults to the correct setting for the layout you select.

You can rotate the image during write with the angle argument. However, this will only work for images which support random access, like openslide, and not for things like JPEG. You'll need to rotate those images yourself with vips_rot(). Note that the autorotate option to the loader may do what you need.

If properties is TRUE, vips_dzsave() will write a file called vips-properties.xml to the output directory. This file lists all of the metadata attached to in in an obvious manner. It can be useful for viewing programs which wish to use fields from source files loaded via vips_openslideload().

By default, all tiles are stripped, since very few people want a copy of the metadata on every tile. Set no_strip if you really want to keep metadata.

If container is set to zip, you can set a compression level from -1 (use zlib default), 0 (store, compression disabled) to 9 (max compression). If no value is given, the default is to store files without compression.

You can use region_shrink to control the method for shrinking each 2x2 region. This defaults to using the average of the 4 input pixels but you can also use the median in cases where you want to preserve the range of values.

If you set skip_blanks to a value greater than or equal to zero, tiles which are all within that many pixel values to the background are skipped. This can save a lot of space for some image types. This option defaults to 5 in Google layout mode, -1 otherwise.

See also: vips_tiffsave().

[method]

Parameters

in

image to save

 

name

name to save to

 

...

NULL-terminated list of optional named arguments

 

Returns

0 on success, -1 on error.

Types and Values

enum VipsForeignFlags

Some hints about the image loader.

VIPS_FOREIGN_PARTIAL means that the image can be read directly from the file without needing to be unpacked to a temporary image first.

VIPS_FOREIGN_SEQUENTIAL means that the loader supports lazy reading, but only top-to-bottom (sequential) access. Formats like PNG can read sets of scanlines, for example, but only in order.

If neither PARTIAL or SEQUENTIAL is set, the loader only supports whole image read. Setting both PARTIAL and SEQUENTIAL is an error.

VIPS_FOREIGN_BIGENDIAN means that image pixels are most-significant byte first. Depending on the native byte order of the host machine, you may need to swap bytes. See vips_copy().

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_NONE

no flags set

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_PARTIAL

the image may be read lazilly

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_BIGENDIAN

image pixels are most-significant byte first

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_SEQUENTIAL

top-to-bottom lazy reading

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_ALL

   

enum VipsSaveable

See also: VipsForeignSave.

Members

VIPS_SAVEABLE_MONO

1 band (eg. CSV)

 

VIPS_SAVEABLE_RGB

1 or 3 bands (eg. PPM)

 

VIPS_SAVEABLE_RGBA

1, 2, 3 or 4 bands (eg. PNG)

 

VIPS_SAVEABLE_RGBA_ONLY

3 or 4 bands (eg. WEBP)

 

VIPS_SAVEABLE_RGB_CMYK

1, 3 or 4 bands (eg. JPEG)

 

VIPS_SAVEABLE_ANY

any number of bands (eg. TIFF)

 

VIPS_SAVEABLE_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignWebpPreset

Tune lossy encoder settings for different image types.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_DEFAULT

default preset

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_PICTURE

digital picture, like portrait, inner shot

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_PHOTO

outdoor photograph, with natural lighting

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_DRAWING

hand or line drawing, with high-contrast details

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_ICON

small-sized colorful images

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_TEXT

text-like

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_WEBP_PRESET_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignTiffCompression

The compression types supported by the tiff writer.

Use Q to set the jpeg compression level, default 75.

Use prediction to set the lzw or deflate prediction, default none.

Use lossless to set WEBP lossless compression.

Use level to set webp and zstd compression level.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_NONE

no compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_JPEG

jpeg compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE

deflate (zip) compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_PACKBITS

packbits compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_CCITTFAX4

fax4 compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_LZW

LZW compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_WEBP

WEBP compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_ZSTD

ZSTD compression

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_COMPRESSION_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignTiffPredictor

The predictor can help deflate and lzw compression. The values are fixed by the tiff library.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_PREDICTOR_NONE

no prediction

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_PREDICTOR_HORIZONTAL

horizontal differencing

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_PREDICTOR_FLOAT

float predictor

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_PREDICTOR_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignTiffResunit

Use inches or centimeters as the resolution unit for a tiff file.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_RESUNIT_CM

use centimeters

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_RESUNIT_INCH

use inches

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_TIFF_RESUNIT_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignPngFilter

http://www.w3.org/TR/PNG-Filters.html The values mirror those of png.h in libpng.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_NONE

no filtering

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_SUB

difference to the left

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_UP

difference up

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_AVG

average of left and up

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_PAETH

pick best neighbor predictor automatically

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_PNG_FILTER_ALL

adaptive

 

enum VipsForeignDzLayout

What directory layout and metadata standard to use.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_LAYOUT_DZ

use DeepZoom directory layout

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_LAYOUT_ZOOMIFY

use Zoomify directory layout

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_LAYOUT_GOOGLE

use Google maps directory layout

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_LAYOUT_IIIF

use IIIF directory layout

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_LAYOUT_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignDzDepth

How many pyramid layers to create.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_DEPTH_ONEPIXEL

create layers down to 1x1 pixel

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_DEPTH_ONETILE

create layers down to 1x1 tile

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_DEPTH_ONE

only create a single layer

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_DEPTH_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignDzContainer

How many pyramid layers to create.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_CONTAINER_FS

write tiles to the filesystem

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_CONTAINER_ZIP

write tiles to a zip file

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_CONTAINER_SZI

write to a szi file

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_DZ_CONTAINER_LAST

   

enum VipsForeignHeifCompression

The compression format to use inside a HEIF container.

This is assumed to use the same numbering as heif_compression_format.

Members

VIPS_FOREIGN_HEIF_COMPRESSION_HEVC

x265

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_HEIF_COMPRESSION_AVC

x264

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_HEIF_COMPRESSION_JPEG

jpeg

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_HEIF_COMPRESSION_AV1

aom

 

VIPS_FOREIGN_HEIF_COMPRESSION_LAST

   

Property Details

The “access” property

  “access”                   VipsAccess

Required access pattern for this file.

Flags: Read / Write

Default value: VIPS_ACCESS_RANDOM


The “disc” property

  “disc”                     gboolean

Open to disc.

Flags: Read / Write

Default value: TRUE


The “fail” property

  “fail”                     gboolean

Fail on first error.

Flags: Read / Write

Default value: FALSE


The “flags” property

  “flags”                    VipsForeignFlags

Flags for this file.

Flags: Read / Write


The “memory” property

  “memory”                   gboolean

Force open via memory.

Flags: Read / Write

Default value: FALSE


The “out” property

  “out”                      VipsImage *

Output image.

Flags: Read / Write


The “sequential” property

  “sequential”               gboolean

Sequential read only.

Flags: Read / Write

Default value: FALSE


The “background” property

  “background”               VipsArrayDouble *

Background value.

Flags: Read / Write


The “in” property

  “in”                       VipsImage *

Image to save.

Flags: Read / Write


The “page-height” property

  “page-height”              gint

Set page height for multipage save.

Flags: Read / Write

Allowed values: [0,10000000]

Default value: 0


The “strip” property

  “strip”                    gboolean

Strip all metadata from image.

Flags: Read / Write

Default value: FALSE

See Also

image